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State law reference

Minimum car insurance by state

Every state sets a minimum amount of liability insurance, and it matters after a crash because many drivers carry only that. Required bodily injury coverage runs from $15,000 to $50,000 per person.

Checked against official sources November 5, 202651 cited sourcesHow we calculate

Minimums by state

StateLimitsInjury per personPer accidentPropertyUM requiredLaw
Alabama25/50/25$25,000$50,000$25,000NoAla. Code 32-7-6(c); 32-7A-4(b); UM: Ala. Code 32-7-23(a)
Alaska50/100/25$50,000$100,000$25,000NoAS 28.22.101(d), (e); AS 28.22.201(a)(3)
Arizona25/50/15$25,000$50,000$15,000NoA.R.S. 28-4009(A)(2)(b); UM: A.R.S. 20-259.01(A)
Arkansas25/50/25$25,000$50,000$25,000NoArk. Code Ann. 27-22-104(b); UM: 23-89-403(a)
California30/60/15$30,000$60,000$15,000NoCal. Veh. Code 16056(a)(2), (d); UM: Cal. Ins. Code 11580.2(a)(1)
Colorado25/50/15$25,000$50,000$15,000NoC.R.S. 10-4-620; UM: C.R.S. 10-4-609
Connecticut25/50/25$25,000$50,000$25,000YesConn. Gen. Stat. 14-112(a); 38a-335(a); UM/UIM: 38a-336(a)(1)
Delaware25/50/10$25,000$50,000$10,000No21 Del. C. 2902(b); 21 Del. C. 2118(a)(1); UM: 18 Del. C. 3902(a)(1)
District of Columbia25/50/10$25,000$50,000$10,000YesD.C. Code 31-2406(b), (c), (f)(2); pending D.C. Law 26-155
FloridaPD 10$10,000NoFla. Stat. 324.022(1); 627.736 (PIP); UM: 627.727
Georgia25/50/25$25,000$50,000$25,000NoO.C.G.A. 33-7-11(a)(1)(A); 40-9-37(a); 33-34-4
Hawaii40/80/20$40,000$80,000$20,000NoHRS 431:10C-301(b)(1)-(3); Hawaii Insurance Division FAQ: Auto Insurance Minimum Limits
Idaho25/50/15$25,000$50,000$15,000NoIdaho Code 49-117(20); UM/UIM: 41-2502
Illinois25/50/20$25,000$50,000$20,000Yes625 ILCS 5/7-203; UM: 215 ILCS 5/143a(1)
Indiana25/50/25$25,000$50,000$25,000NoInd. Code 9-25-4-5; UM/UIM: Ind. Code 27-7-5-2
Iowa20/40/15$20,000$40,000$15,000NoIowa Code 321A.1(11); UM/UIM: Iowa Code 516A.1
Kansas25/50/25$25,000$50,000$25,000YesK.S.A. 40-3107(e); UM/UIM: K.S.A. 40-284(a), (c)
Kentucky25/50/25$25,000$50,000$25,000NoKRS 304.39-110(1)(a); KRS 304.20-020 (UM)
Louisiana15/30/25$15,000$30,000$25,000NoLa. R.S. 32:900(B)(2); La. R.S. 22:1295 (UM)
Maine50/100/25$50,000$100,000$25,000Yes29-A M.R.S. Sec. 1605(1)(C); 24-A M.R.S. Sec. 2902 (UM)
Maryland30/60/15$30,000$60,000$15,000YesMd. Code, Transp. Sec. 17-103(b); Ins. Sec. 19-509
Massachusetts25/50/30$25,000$50,000$30,000YesM.G.L. c. 90, Sec. 34A (BI); c. 90, Sec. 34O (PD); c. 175, Sec. 113L (UM)
Michigan50/100/10$50,000$100,000$10,000NoMCL 500.3009(1), (5)
Minnesota30/60/10$30,000$60,000$10,000YesMinn. Stat. Sec. 65B.49 subd. 3 and subd. 3a
Mississippi25/50/25$25,000$50,000$25,000NoMiss. Code Ann. Sec. 63-15-3(j); Sec. 83-11-101 (UM)
Missouri25/50/25$25,000$50,000$25,000YesRSMo 303.190(2)(2); RSMo 379.203 (UM)
Montana25/50/20$25,000$50,000$20,000NoMCA 61-6-103(1) (Montana Code Annotated 2025); MCA 33-23-201 (UM)
Nebraska25/50/25$25,000$50,000$25,000YesNeb. Rev. Stat. 60-310; 44-6408(1) (UM/UIM)
Nevada25/50/20$25,000$50,000$20,000NoNRS 485.185(1); NRS 687B.145(2) (UM offer)
New Hampshire25/50/25$25,000$50,000$25,000YesRSA 259:61(I); RSA 264:15(I) (UM)
New Jersey35/70/25$35,000$70,000$25,000YesP.L.2022, c.87; NJ DOBI Bulletin No. 25-06
New Mexico25/50/10$25,000$50,000$10,000NoNMSA 1978, 66-5-208; 66-5-301 (UM)
New York25/50/10$25,000$50,000$10,000YesN.Y. Veh. and Traf. Law Sec. 311(4); Ins. Law Sec. 3420(f)(1)
North Carolina50/100/50$50,000$100,000$50,000YesN.C.G.S. 20-279.21(b)(2), (b)(3)
North Dakota25/50/25$25,000$50,000$25,000YesN.D. Cent. Code 39-16.1-11(2)(b); UM 26.1-40-15.2; UIM 26.1-40-15.3
Ohio25/50/25$25,000$50,000$25,000NoOhio Rev. Code 4509.51(B); UM/UIM optional under 4509.51 and 3937.18(A)
Oklahoma25/50/25$25,000$50,000$25,000No47 O.S. 7-103 (definition of minimum liability insurance limits), 7-324(b)(2); UM 36 O.S. 3636
Oregon25/50/20$25,000$50,000$20,000YesORS 806.070(2); UM/UIM ORS 742.502
Pennsylvania15/30/5$15,000$30,000$5,000No75 Pa.C.S. 1702 (definition of financial responsibility); UM/UIM 1731(a), 1734
Rhode Island25/50/25$25,000$50,000$25,000NoR.I. Gen. Laws 31-47-2(13)(i)(A); UM R.I. Gen. Laws 27-7-2.1
South Carolina25/50/25$25,000$50,000$25,000YesS.C. Code 38-77-140(A); UM 38-77-150(A)
South Dakota25/50/25$25,000$50,000$25,000YesSDCL 32-35-70; UM 58-11-9; UIM 58-11-9.4
Tennessee25/50/25$25,000$50,000$25,000NoTenn. Code Ann. 55-12-102(12)(D); UM Tenn. Code Ann. 56-7-1201
Texas30/60/25$30,000$60,000$25,000NoTex. Transp. Code 601.072(a-1); UM/UIM Tex. Ins. Code 1952.101
Utah30/65/25$30,000$65,000$25,000NoUtah Code 31A-22-304(2) (as amended by 2023 H.B. 113); UM 31A-22-305, UIM 31A-22-305.3
Vermont25/50/10$25,000$50,000$10,000Yes23 V.S.A. 800(a); UM/UIM 23 V.S.A. 941(a), (c)
Virginia50/100/25$50,000$100,000$25,000YesVa. Code 46.2-472(B) (2021 Sp. Sess. I, c. 273); UM/UIM Va. Code 38.2-2206(A)
Washington25/50/10$25,000$50,000$10,000NoRCW 46.29.090(1); RCW 46.30.020(1)(a) (liability insurance required to operate); UIM RCW 48.22.030
West Virginia25/50/25$25,000$50,000$25,000YesW. Va. Code 17D-4-2 and 33-6-31, as summarized by the W. Va. Offices of the Insurance Commissioner
Wisconsin25/50/10$25,000$50,000$10,000YesWis. Stat. 344.01(2)(d), 344.15(1); UM Wis. Stat. 632.32(4) per Office of the Commissioner of Insurance
Wyoming25/50/20$25,000$50,000$20,000NoW.S. 31-9-102(a)(xi); UM W.S. 31-10-101
Checked November 5, 2026. Some states also require PIP or medical payments coverage; see the no-fault states page.

Recent increases: California (30/60/15, effective January 1, 2025); Hawaii (40/80/20, effective January 1, 2026); Massachusetts (25/50/30, effective July 1, 2025); New Jersey (35/70/25, effective January 1, 2026); North Carolina (50/100/50, effective July 1, 2025); Utah (30/65/25, effective January 1, 2025); Virginia (50/100/25, effective January 1, 2025).

How to read the limits

Limits are written in thousands of dollars: per person injury / per accident injury / property damage. With 25/50/25 coverage, the insurer pays up to $25,000 to any one injured person, $50,000 in total if several people are hurt, and $25,000 for cars and other property.

Why it caps settlements

An insurer's duty to pay stops at the policy limit. If your claim is worth $80,000 and the driver who hit you carries a $25,000 limit, a quick offer of the full $25,000 may be all that is realistically available from that policy. Your own underinsured motorist coverage is then the main source for the rest. Enter the limit in the settlement calculator to see the effect.

Frequently asked questions

What does 25/50/25 mean?

It is shorthand for liability limits in thousands of dollars: $25,000 for injuries to one person, $50,000 for all injuries in one accident, and $25,000 for property damage. These are the most the at-fault driver's insurer will pay, whatever the claim is worth.

Which state has the lowest minimum car insurance?

Louisiana, Pennsylvania, at $15,000 of bodily injury coverage per person. Alaska, Maine, Michigan, North Carolina, Virginia have the highest minimum, $50,000 per person.

What happens if my injuries are worth more than the other driver's coverage?

Their insurer usually pays up to the limit and no more. The rest can come from your own underinsured motorist coverage if you carry it; collecting from the driver personally is possible but often impractical.

Is uninsured motorist coverage required?

In 22 states it is required. In most others insurers must offer it and you can reject it in writing. It protects you when the at-fault driver has no insurance or too little.

Are the minimums enough?

Rarely for a serious injury, whose medical bills alone can pass a $25,000 limit. Higher liability limits protect your own assets, and underinsured motorist coverage protects you from other drivers who carry only the minimum.

Sources

Checked November 5, 2026.

  1. Alabama: Ala. Code 32-7-6(c); 32-7A-4(b); UM: Ala. Code 32-7-23(a)
  2. Alaska: AS 28.22.101(d), (e); AS 28.22.201(a)(3)
  3. Arizona: A.R.S. 28-4009(A)(2)(b); UM: A.R.S. 20-259.01(A)
  4. Arkansas: Ark. Code Ann. 27-22-104(b); UM: 23-89-403(a)
  5. California: Cal. Veh. Code 16056(a)(2), (d); UM: Cal. Ins. Code 11580.2(a)(1)
  6. Colorado: C.R.S. 10-4-620; UM: C.R.S. 10-4-609
  7. Connecticut: Conn. Gen. Stat. 14-112(a); 38a-335(a); UM/UIM: 38a-336(a)(1)
  8. Delaware: 21 Del. C. 2902(b); 21 Del. C. 2118(a)(1); UM: 18 Del. C. 3902(a)(1)
  9. District of Columbia: D.C. Code 31-2406(b), (c), (f)(2); pending D.C. Law 26-155
  10. Florida: Fla. Stat. 324.022(1); 627.736 (PIP); UM: 627.727
  11. Georgia: O.C.G.A. 33-7-11(a)(1)(A); 40-9-37(a); 33-34-4
  12. Hawaii: HRS 431:10C-301(b)(1)-(3); Hawaii Insurance Division FAQ: Auto Insurance Minimum Limits
  13. Idaho: Idaho Code 49-117(20); UM/UIM: 41-2502
  14. Illinois: 625 ILCS 5/7-203; UM: 215 ILCS 5/143a(1)
  15. Indiana: Ind. Code 9-25-4-5; UM/UIM: Ind. Code 27-7-5-2
  16. Iowa: Iowa Code 321A.1(11); UM/UIM: Iowa Code 516A.1
  17. Kansas: K.S.A. 40-3107(e); UM/UIM: K.S.A. 40-284(a), (c)
  18. Kentucky: KRS 304.39-110(1)(a); KRS 304.20-020 (UM)
  19. Louisiana: La. R.S. 32:900(B)(2); La. R.S. 22:1295 (UM)
  20. Maine: 29-A M.R.S. Sec. 1605(1)(C); 24-A M.R.S. Sec. 2902 (UM)
  21. Maryland: Md. Code, Transp. Sec. 17-103(b); Ins. Sec. 19-509
  22. Massachusetts: M.G.L. c. 90, Sec. 34A (BI); c. 90, Sec. 34O (PD); c. 175, Sec. 113L (UM)
  23. Michigan: MCL 500.3009(1), (5)
  24. Minnesota: Minn. Stat. Sec. 65B.49 subd. 3 and subd. 3a
  25. Mississippi: Miss. Code Ann. Sec. 63-15-3(j); Sec. 83-11-101 (UM)
  26. Missouri: RSMo 303.190(2)(2); RSMo 379.203 (UM)
  27. Montana: MCA 61-6-103(1) (Montana Code Annotated 2025); MCA 33-23-201 (UM)
  28. Nebraska: Neb. Rev. Stat. 60-310; 44-6408(1) (UM/UIM)
  29. Nevada: NRS 485.185(1); NRS 687B.145(2) (UM offer)
  30. New Hampshire: RSA 259:61(I); RSA 264:15(I) (UM)
  31. New Jersey: P.L.2022, c.87; NJ DOBI Bulletin No. 25-06
  32. New Mexico: NMSA 1978, 66-5-208; 66-5-301 (UM)
  33. New York: N.Y. Veh. and Traf. Law Sec. 311(4); Ins. Law Sec. 3420(f)(1)
  34. North Carolina: N.C.G.S. 20-279.21(b)(2), (b)(3)
  35. North Dakota: N.D. Cent. Code 39-16.1-11(2)(b); UM 26.1-40-15.2; UIM 26.1-40-15.3
  36. Ohio: Ohio Rev. Code 4509.51(B); UM/UIM optional under 4509.51 and 3937.18(A)
  37. Oklahoma: 47 O.S. 7-103 (definition of minimum liability insurance limits), 7-324(b)(2); UM 36 O.S. 3636
  38. Oregon: ORS 806.070(2); UM/UIM ORS 742.502
  39. Pennsylvania: 75 Pa.C.S. 1702 (definition of financial responsibility); UM/UIM 1731(a), 1734
  40. Rhode Island: R.I. Gen. Laws 31-47-2(13)(i)(A); UM R.I. Gen. Laws 27-7-2.1
  41. South Carolina: S.C. Code 38-77-140(A); UM 38-77-150(A)
  42. South Dakota: SDCL 32-35-70; UM 58-11-9; UIM 58-11-9.4
  43. Tennessee: Tenn. Code Ann. 55-12-102(12)(D); UM Tenn. Code Ann. 56-7-1201
  44. Texas: Tex. Transp. Code 601.072(a-1); UM/UIM Tex. Ins. Code 1952.101
  45. Utah: Utah Code 31A-22-304(2) (as amended by 2023 H.B. 113); UM 31A-22-305, UIM 31A-22-305.3
  46. Vermont: 23 V.S.A. 800(a); UM/UIM 23 V.S.A. 941(a), (c)
  47. Virginia: Va. Code 46.2-472(B) (2021 Sp. Sess. I, c. 273); UM/UIM Va. Code 38.2-2206(A)
  48. Washington: RCW 46.29.090(1); RCW 46.30.020(1)(a) (liability insurance required to operate); UIM RCW 48.22.030
  49. West Virginia: W. Va. Code 17D-4-2 and 33-6-31, as summarized by the W. Va. Offices of the Insurance Commissioner
  50. Wisconsin: Wis. Stat. 344.01(2)(d), 344.15(1); UM Wis. Stat. 632.32(4) per Office of the Commissioner of Insurance
  51. Wyoming: W.S. 31-9-102(a)(xi); UM W.S. 31-10-101